Realistic Traffic Generation for Web Robots

Critical to evaluating the capacity, scalability, and availability of web systems are realistic web traffic generators. Web traffic generation is a classic research problem, no generator accounts for the characteristics of web robots or crawlers that are now the dominant source of traffic to a web server. Administrators are thus unable to test, stress, and evaluate how their systems perform in the face of ever increasing levels of web robot traffic. To resolve this problem, this paper introduces a novel approach to generate synthetic web robot traffic with high fidelity. It generates traffic that accounts for both the temporal and behavioral qualities of robot traffic by statistical and Bayesian models that are fitted to the properties of robot traffic seen in web logs from North America and Europe. We evaluate our traffic generator by comparing the characteristics of generated traffic to those of the original data. We look at session arrival rates, inter-arrival times and session lengths, comparing and contrasting them between generated and real traffic. Finally, we show that our generated traffic affects cache performance similarly to actual traffic, using the common LRU and LFU eviction policies.Comment: 8 page

Outpatient Physical Therapy Management Of A Female Athlete With A Left Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction And Left Medial Meniscectomy: A Case Report

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a structure within the knee that prevents anterior translation of the tibia on the femur as well as checks lateral rotation of the tibia and extension of the knee. The ACL is typically injured in noncontact sports by a sudden deceleration prior to a change of direction or landing motion. Female athletes are more than twice as likely to sustain an injury to the ACL. An ACL injury is often accompanied by an injury to the meniscus of the same knee. Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to provide a comprehensive account of the physical therapy treatment provided to a young female athlete after left anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.https://dune.une.edu/pt_studcrposter/1030/thumbnail.jp

Stable Isotope Studies in Groundwater in the Northeastern United States and Associated Recharge of Glacial Meltwaters during the Last Glacial Maximum

Honors Thesis, Department of Geological Sciences, Indiana UniversityFreshwater has been observed in confined aquifers extending over 100 km offshore from the northeastern coastal U.S.A., much greater distances than can be explained by groundwater models using contemporary hydrologic boundary conditions. In order to investigate the origin and residence times of these groundwaters, a total of 25 groundwater samples were collected on Nantucket Island and Martha’s Vineyard, MA, Long Island, NY, and along the coastal plain of southern New Jersey. Sample sites were believed to contain remnant glacial meltwaters of the LGM. Samples were analyzed for stable isotopes (18O, D) and major and minor ion chemistry. A U.S.G.S. monitoring well on Sandy Hook, N.J., had a chloride concentration of 15,151 mg/l. This well was determined to be intruded by saltwater. Observed groundwater δ18O and δD values were similar to those of modern meteoric waters in the recharge area. Other studies interested in LGM waters in Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifers have also found δ18O values representative of modern meteoric water. These studies used noble gases and 14C to confirm the presence of glacial age groundwater. Interestingly, their δ18O values did not correlate with colder recharge temperatures (~5°C cooler) as indicated by noble gas analyses. The absence of 18O-depleted groundwaters may be explained by (1) a poor correlation of δ18O to temperature along the Atlantic Coast, (2) conflicting effects of boundary conditions at the LGM (e.g. cooling accompanied by changes in atmospheric vapor origin or increases in evaporation), (3) sampling of modern Holocene waters believed to be LGM (4) inadequate sampling of aquifers. Future work will involve noble gas and 14C analyses of the groundwater samples. This will allow for the determination of recharge temperatures and groundwater ages, further building an understanding of the behavior of stable isotope values in the Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer system.National Science Foundation Research Experience for Undergraduates, Proposal #6420765

Continuum Nuclear Structure Of Light Nuclei

In this work, the continuum decay of proton-rich nuclei with mass number A ≤ 17 was studied. The nuclear structure of these nuclei was assessed by measuring the decay energy, width, and momentum correlations between the decay fragments. In particular the Isobaric Analog State in 8B, the ground-state and excited states of 16Ne, the T = 3/2 states in the A = 7 isobaric chain, and the excited states of 9C and 17Ne were all studied. In addition a first measurement of 17Na was made. These states decay by emission of 1 or more protons and were populated through knockout reactions or inelastic scattering of 9C and 17Ne secondary beams produced at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The charged particles were detected in the High Resolution Array (HiRA) which, in these studies, consisted of 14 Si-CsI(Tl) telescopes. Gamma rays measured in coincidence with charged particles were measured in the 4π array of CsI(Na) called CAESAR

Topological Hierarchies and Decomposition: From Clustering to Persistence

Hierarchical clustering is a class of algorithms commonly used in exploratory data analysis (EDA) and supervised learning. However, they suffer from some drawbacks, including the difficulty of interpreting the resulting dendrogram, arbitrariness in the choice of cut to obtain a flat clustering, and the lack of an obvious way of comparing individual clusters. In this dissertation, we develop the notion of a topological hierarchy on recursively-defined subsets of a metric space. We look to the field of topological data analysis (TDA) for the mathematical background to associate topological structures such as simplicial complexes and maps of covers to clusters in a hierarchy. Our main results include the definition of a novel hierarchical algorithm for constructing a topological hierarchy, and an implementation of the MAPPER algorithm and our topological hierarchies in pure Python code as well as a web app dashboard for exploratory data analysis. We show that the algorithm scales well to high-dimensional data due to the use of dimensionality reduction in most TDA methods, and analyze the worst-case time complexity of MAPPER and our hierarchical decomposition algorithm. Finally, we give a use case for exploratory data analysis with our techniques

Concentration and consolidation : how chain ownership affects newspaper front-page content

Ownership by newspaper chains in the United States has become the norm, rather than the outlier, in the past half-century. While proponents of this model of ownership claim that chain newspapers are no different from independently owned papers in terms of their dedication to local coverage, research has consistently shown that newspapers that are part of a group are more likely to converge in their editorial opinions and syndicate news articles among their holdings, suggesting that chain ownership has a profound effect on the outcomes of city newspapers' content. Those effects have likely accelerated in an era when newspaper chains are increasingly cutting newsroom staff and relying more heavily on consolidating production resources. Through a quantitative content analysis of front pages downloaded from Newseum.org, this research study investigates the relationship between the size of newspapers' parent companies and the amount of original news content on their front pages. This study was able to conclude that in general, newspapers owned by larger chains had smaller proportions of original news on their front pages, and newspaper chains had smaller proportions of original news in states where they had a higher concentration of ownership.by Kyle BrownIncludes bibliographical reference